Tuesday, May 10th, 2011
All EMAS handpump designs use glass marbles and standard PVC fittings and pipes as return valves. Different pump designs are available for high pressure, high quantity, hand-powered, pedal-powered, and windmill powered. This pump design is specially designed for pumping larger quantities. All movies are available in full length at vimeo.com More info at www.emas-international.de Published in cooperation with http For more low-cost water and sanitation solutions, visit www.akvopedia.org.
Monday, April 25th, 2011
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All EMAS handpump designs use glass marbles and standard PVC fittings and pipes as return valves. Different pump designs are available for high pressure, high quantity, hand-powered, pedal-powered, and windmill powered. This pump design is specially designed for pumping to high altitude, or long distances. All movies are available in full length at vimeo.com More info at www.emas-international.de Published in cooperation with http For more low-cost water and sanitation solutions, visit www.akvopedia.org.
Wednesday, February 9th, 2011
Women’s shoes, high heels, pumps, knee high boots, military style boots, and booties for every event, every occasion! Spankie Valentine from Urban Original shows some of the best shoes to wear any place, silent film style, and it’s funny! Win a Gift Card in our contest! Subscribe and tell a friend! urbanog.com Links to Shoes/Clothes below: Military Boots: www.urbanog.com Glitter Blue Pumps: urbanog.com Zebra Boots: urbanog.com Black Office Boots: urbanog.com Knee High Boots: urbanog.com Gray Date Booties: urbanog.com Clothes: Miss Valentine’s Host Dress: www.urbanog.com Silent Film Black Dress: www.urbanog.com Caller’s Dress: www.urbanog.com —————- Music By: Spankie Valentine www.spankievalentine.com Special Guests Pimp: DJ Swivll Nerd: Dirty Hollywood www.dhollywoodmusic.com
Animated video that displays the features of the Hotsy high-pressure pump, the heart of the Hotsy industrial pressure washer. See how Hotsy pumps are engineered for durability and performance. The Hotsy pump uses NESTechnology – where the pump seals are actually “nested” into the packing assembly, resulting in greatly increased seal life.
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Wednesday, September 8th, 2010
A sexy girl making a sexy shoeplay, dangling and heelpopping in her office under her desk with 4″ high heels pumps.
Thursday, September 2nd, 2010
Question by The Duke: What size and color of high heeled pumps do you like to wear and what is the highest heel do you own and wear?
Asked of all ladies who wear high heeled pumps.Nomally the average high heeled pump is about 3 inches.some girls like to wear a higher heel.
Best answer:
Answer by ninja turtles
who hi heeld?
Know better? Leave your own answer in the comments!
Thursday, August 19th, 2010
Ultra high vacuum
Concepts involved
Advanced Definition
Kinetic theory of gases
Gas transport and pumping
Vacuum pumps and systems
Typical uses for ultra high vacuum
Ultra high vacuum is necessary for many surface analytic techniques such as:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)
Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)
Thermal desorption spectroscopy (TPD)
Thin film growth and preparation techniques with stringent requirements for purity, such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and UHV chemical vapor deposition (CVD)
Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)
UHV is necessary for these applications to reduce surface contamination, by reducing the number of molecules reaching the sample over a given time period. At 0.1 mPa (106 Torr), it only takes 1 second to cover a surface with a contaminant, so much lower pressures are needed for long experiments.
UHV is also required for:
Particle accelerators
Atomic physics experiments which use cold atoms, such as ion trapping or making Bose-Einstein Condensates
Achieving ultra high vacuum
Extraordinary steps are required to reach UHV, including the following:
High pumping speed possibly multiple vacuum pumps in series and/or parallel
Minimize surface area in the chamber
High conductance tubing to pumps short and fat, without obstruction
Use low-outgassing materials such as certain stainless steels
Avoid creating pits of trapped gas behind bolts, welding voids, etc.
Electropolish all metal parts after machining or welding
Use low vapor pressure materials (ceramics, glass, metals, teflon if unbaked)
Bake the system (250 C to 400 C) to remove water or hydrocarbons adsorbed to the walls
Chill chamber walls to cryogenic temperatures during use
Avoid all traces of hydrocarbons, including skin oils in a fingerprint always use gloves
Outgassing is a significant problem for UHV systems. Outgassing can occur from two sources: surfaces and bulk materials. Outgassing from bulk materials is minimized by careful selection of materials with low vapor pressures (such as glass, stainless steel, and ceramics) for everything inside the system. Even materials which are not generally considered absorbent can outgas, including most plastics and some metals. For example, vessels lined with a highly gas-permeable material such as palladium (which is a high-capacity hydrogen sponge) create special outgassing problems.
Outgassing from surfaces is a subtler problem. At extremely low pressures, more gas molecules are adsorbed on the walls than are floating in the chamber, so the total surface area inside a chamber is more important than its volume for reaching UHV. Water is a significant source of outgassing because a thin layer of water vapor rapidly adsorbs to everything whenever the chamber is opened to air. Water evaporates from surfaces too slowly to be fully removed at room temperature, but just fast enough to present a continuous level of background contamination. Removal of water and similar gases generally requires baking the UHV system at 200 to 400 C while vacuum pumps are running. During chamber use, the walls of the chamber may be chilled using liquid nitrogen to reduce outgassing further.
Hydrogen and helium are the most common background gases in a well-designed, well-baked UHV system. Hydrogen diffuses out from the grain boundaries in stainless steel. Helium can diffuse through the steel and glass from the outside air.
Typically, there is no single vacuum pump that can operate all the way from atmospheric pressure to ultra high vacuum. Instead, a series of different pumps is used, according to the appropriate pressure range for each pump. Pumps commonly used to achieve UHV include:
Turbomolecular pumps (especially compound and/or magnetic bearing types)
Ion pumps
Titanium sublimation pumps
Non-evaporable getter (NEG) pumps
Cryopumps
UHV pressures are measured with an ion gauge, either a hot filament or an inverted magnetron type.
Finally, special seals and gaskets must be used between components in a UHV system to prevent even trace leakage. Nearly all such seals are all metal, with knife edges on both sides cutting into a soft, copper gasket. This all-metal seal can maintain pressures down to 100 pPa (~1012 Torr).
Measuring high vacuum
Main article: Pressure measurement
Measurement of high vacuum is done using a nonabsolute gauge that measures a pressure-related property of the vacuum, for example, its thermal conductivity. See, for example, Pacey. These gauges must be calibrated. The gauges capable of the measuring the lowest pressures are magnetic gauges based upon the pressure dependence of the current in a spontaneous gas discharge in intersecting electric and magnetic fields.
UHV manipulator
A UHV manipulator allows an object which is inside a vacuum chamber and under vacuum to be mechanically positioned. It may provide rotary motion, linear motion, or a combination of both. The most complex devices give motion in three axes and rotations around two of those axes. To generate the mechanical movement inside the chamber, two basic mechanisms are commonly employed: a mechanical coupling through the vacuum wall (using a vacuum-tight seal around the coupling), or a magnetic coupling that transfers motion from air-side to vacuum-side. Various forms of motion control are available for manipulators, such as knobs, handwheels, motors, stepping motors, piezoelectric drives, and pneumatics.
The manipulator or sample holder may include features which allow additional control and testing of a sample, such as the ability to apply heat, cooling, voltage, or a magnetic field. Sample heating can be accomplished by electron bombardment or thermal radiation. For electron bombardment, the sample holder is equipped with a filament which emits electrons when biased at a high negative potential. The impact of the electrons bombarding the sample at high energy causes it to heat. For thermal radiation, a filament is mounted close to the sample and resistively heated to high temperature. The infra-red energy from the filament heats the sample.
References and notes
^ DJ Pacey (W. Boyes, editor) (2003). Measurement of vacuum; Chapter 10 in Instrumentation Reference Book (Third Edition ed.). Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 144. ISBN 0750671238. http://books.google.com/books?id=sarHIbCVOUAC&pg=PA144&lpg=PA144&dq=”measurement+of+vacuum”&source=web&ots=aWbFsOCsvf&sig=NcVTpfYXN5X-8STfeOIIKeCG0EU#PPA144,M1.
^ LM Rozanov & Hablanian, MH (2002). Vacuum technique. London; New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 112. ISBN 041527351X. http://books.google.com/books?id=8yEGJCtS2XgC&pg=PA79&lpg=PA79&dq=”measurement+of+vacuum”&source=web&ots=RmEYhDyVOY&sig=Muaslx8-GZW6zWBCa403si5cuRM#PPA112,M1.
^ LM Rozanov & Hablanian, MH. p. 95. ISBN 041527351X. http://books.google.com/books?id=8yEGJCtS2XgC&pg=PA79&lpg=PA79&dq=”measurement+of+vacuum”&source=web&ots=RmEYhDyVOY&sig=Muaslx8-GZW6zWBCa403si5cuRM#PPA95,M1.
See also
Vacuum engineering
Vacuum flange
Vacuum gauge
Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology
Vacuum
Vacuum state
External links
American Vacuum Society
Three major steps to get Ultra High Vacuum
Vacuum Systems and Thin-Film Technology Course
CERN Ultra high vacuum solar thermal collector.
Categories: Vacuum
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Thursday, July 22nd, 2010
Energy Efficient Shakti Pumps
Looking for energy saving pumps!
Want to cut back the electricity expenses!
Think over the global warming issues and use the energy efficient pumps so that you can save the electricity and can reduce the electricity expenses.
Energy saving water pump is in high demand due to its innovative mechanical design and impeccable quality. The pump manufacturers of India have carved a niche as the most predominant energy saving pump manufacturers and suppliers. It is available in all size range starts from 100 mm. The industrial manufacturers of energy efficient pumps emphasize on quality raw material using premier manufacturing technology. They encompass both optimum performance and excellent quality. Now-a-days energy saving water pump is anti corrosion nature and provides high wear resistance. It reduces the running costs due to its high pumping efficiency and longevity. It can work continuously for longer period of time without any trouble. They are highly reliable and provide best results even under harsh conditions.
Features and Benefits:
A Wide Pump Range
Submersible pumps with energy- efficient duty points ranging from 0.1 to 335 m3/h. The pump range consists of many pump sizes – and each pump size is available with an optional number of stages to match any duty point.
High Pumps Efficiency
Often pump efficiency is a neglected factor compared to the price however, the observant user will notice that price variations are without importance to water supply economics compared to the importance of pump and motor efficiencies.
Example:
When pumping 125 m3/h with a head of 200m for a period of 10 years $ 60,000 will be saved if a pumps and motors having a 10% higher efficiency is chosen and the price is $ 0.10 per kWh.
Low Installation Costs
Stainless steel means low weight facilitating the handling of pumps and resulting in low equipment costs and reduced installation and service time. In addition pumps will be as new after service due to the high wear resistance of stainless steel.
High Motor Efficiency
Within the area of high motor efficiency Energy Saving Pump is pumps’ leader. This is due to newly developed motor concept which is introduced with the MS 100, MS 101 and MS 150.
The energy saving pumps are suitable for the following applications:
Raw water supply Irrigation systems Groundwater lowering Pressure boosting Industrial applications
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Sunday, June 20th, 2010
shoeplayers.blogspot.com This is the best way to practice shoeplay, with high heels pumps 4″ heel
Wednesday, May 12th, 2010
High Pump Prices? Apply For a Gas Credit Card
Do you feel that gas prices are constantly moving upwards? Are you on the lookout for some way to reduce your gas expenses, or at least get some rebates for your expenditure?
Well, stiff competition amongst credit cards companies has encouraged collaboration with gas stations to produce greater incentives for consumers. With this, the concept of gas credit cards has been launched, to the delight of many credit card users.
With gas credit cards, consumers accumulate points for every charge they make for gas purchases. This works well for credit card companies as gas companies pay them merchant charges for credit card facilities. Apart from that, consumers acquire reward points for their gas purchases and get rewarded with free gas once they have reached a certain point threshold. Also, as gas credit cards are specific to certain brands of gas companies, they gain an advantage in differentiating themselves from the competition.
Before you apply for your gas credit card, it’s good to run your own research on the various options laid out in front of you. For one thing, gas credit cards only reward points for gas purchases made in gas stations that are affiliated with the card. You can usually find the logos of these gas companies listed at the back of your gas credit card. Thus, if you do have a preference for any specific gas brand, its best that you apply for the credit card that it is affiliated to.
Run a search on gas credit cards over the Internet, and you will begin to see the different perks offered to consumers. Certain gas credit cards offer high rebates for a limited period of time. What’s more, once this period is over, rebates are also extended to other establishments such as restaurants, dry cleaners and retailers. All of these rebates are credited to your credit card balance to offset any outstanding payments that you have. Other gas credit cards offer 0% APR for an initial period and no annual fees for the first year. Some gas credit cards even go the extra mile by offering no annual fees ever.
The application procedure for gas credit cards is simple. Just go online and run a search term on “gas credit cards”. Your search results will provide you with a list of gas credit cards available in the market. Select the card that best fits your needs and fill in an online application form. It’s that simple!
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